Australia

Australia is a continent located in the Southern Hemisphere. It lies between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It is located in the Oceania continent and covers a large part of the continent. Its neighbors are Indonesia, East Timor, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia and New Zealand. Its capital is Canberra and its largest city is Sydney.

Australia is established on a total area of ​​8,698,850 km2, 8,617,930 km2 on land and 80,920 km2 in water. It has no land borders with any country. Australia, which is the 6th largest country in the world with this surface area, has a coastline of 25,760 kilometers.

Before the Europeans' exploration and migration in the 18th century, the island was home to the indigenous Aboriginal people for about 50,000 years. According to modern research, the languages ​​spoken by the Aborigines are divided into approximately 250 different groups. The forced migration initiated by the British Empire with penal deportation continued from 1788 to 1868 and was concentrated around New South Wales. The population has increased steadily since the first settlements and the entire island was discovered in the mid-19th century, and 5 new crown colonies were established. On January 1, 1901, the 6 colonies united and became a federal structure, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia, which has adopted a liberal-democratic political system since its founding, consists of 6 states and associated territories. The majority of the 24 million population is settled on the east coast and is a country with a very high rate of urbanization.